U 9 and 10: Animal kingdom

Welcome to your own Kingdom!
Animals are :eukaryotic (animal cell of course), heterotrophs, multicellular with tissues and organs (some form colonies), they can move around, they perform sexual reproduction (asexual is not common) and they interact with other living things and with their environment.

Classification:
1.- Invertebrates: Porifera, Cnidaria, Echinoderms, Annelids, Molluscs, Arthropods.
2.- Vertebrates: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals.
EVOLUTIONARY ORDER: fROM SIMPLE TO COMPLEX:
-Porifera -Cnidaria - Echinoderms - Annelids - Molluscs -Artrhopods -Fish - Amphibians - Reptiles - Birds - Mammals

Simple invertebrates live in water, form colonies or very simple structures, have a complex reproductive cycle (sexual and asexual) and breathe oxygen from water.
Complex organisms need to adapt to terrestial or aquatic ecosistems. In order to do that, organisms need specific structures to keep water inside, to move, to look for food, reproduce and to be protected.
Echinoderms, Molluscs and Arthropods have exoskeleton. Vertebrates have endoskeleton.
NUTRITION: this functions provides animals with energy and matter. HOW?
Some animals filter water obtaining the nutrients directly so they don't have a digestive system. Others have a digestive tube with some glands that help obtaining the nutrients from the food, some have very simple digestive systems. In order to deliver the nutrients to all the cells, some animals have circulatory system that can be open or closed. The simplests animals don`t need circulatory liquids because the cells are already included in water. When there is a circulatory system, a bomb pumping the liquid is required. Wastes are expelled using kidneys, the skin and Malpighi tubes.
Some animals breathe trhough the skin, others use gills or tracheae and the most developed animals use lungs.
INTERACTION: This function connects the animal with the exterior and makes the animal react to it. HOW?
Animals need sense organs to recieve information from the outside and a brain to react to it. Eyes, ears, vibration and electricity sensors and chemicals sensors play an important role in the animals´life. A brain can be formed only of some neurones or can be very complex.
Animals move, so they need special structures for their movement. Skeletons, muscles, articulations, etc are used to move.
REPRODUCTION: Animals reproduce sexually, so special organs are needed, they are called gonads and porduce gametes. Some animals are fertilized internally, some others do external fertilization. Som animals are oviparous and other viviparous and the baby development can be direct or indirect (metamorphosis).